【英语】音标与单词读音规则

📅 2026/7/7 3:41:17 👁️ 次浏览

文章目录元音与常见字母组合对照辅音与常见字母组合对照表两个重要的发音小规律元音与常见字母组合对照音标 (发音)常见字母组合例词/iː/(长音像“衣”)ee, ea, e, iesee, tea, me, field/ɪ/(短音像“一”但短促)i, y, ebig, baby, beside/e/(短音类似“诶”)e, eabed, head/æ/(短音嘴巴扁平张大)acat, map/ɑː/(长音嘴巴张到最大)ar, acar, glass/ʌ/(短音嘴巴微张)u, ocup, come/ɔː/(长音类似“奥”)al, or, autalk, for, cause/ɒ/(短音类似“奥”但更短)o, adog, want/ʊ/(短音类似“乌”但短促)oo, ubook, put/uː/(长音类似“乌”)oo, o, umoon, do, truth/ɜː/(长音类似“儿”)ir, ur, er, orbird, turn, her, word/ə/(短音最懒散的“呃”)er, or, ateacher, doctor, ago/eɪ/(类似“诶伊”)ai, ay, a, earain, day, name, great/aɪ/(类似“爱”)i, y, ighbike, my, high/ɔɪ/(类似“奥伊”)oi, oyboil, boy/aʊ/(类似“啊乌”)ou, owout, cow/əʊ/(类似“欧乌”)o, oa, owno, boat, know/ɪə/(类似“伊儿”)ear, eerhear, deer/eə/(类似“诶儿”)air, are, earhair, care, bear/ʊə/(类似“乌儿”)oor, ourpoor, tour辅音与常见字母组合对照表为了让你一次性查全我把所有辅音包括常见的重新整理成完整列表音标常见字母组合例词备注/p/p, pppen, apple/b/b, bbbig, rabbit/t/t, tt, ed (清音后)tea, letter, stopped/d/d, dd, ed (浊音后)dog, middle, played/k/k, c, ck, ch, qu (后)key,cat, back, stochastic,quiet/g/g, gg, gugo, egg, guess/f/f, ff, ph, ghfish, off, photo, laugh/v/v, vevery, have/θ/ththink, mouth咬舌尖不振动/ð/ththis, those, there咬舌尖振动/s/s, ss, c, scsee, miss, city, science/z/z, zz, s, sezoo, pizza, is, those/ʃ/(类似使)sh, ti, ci, si, sssheep, attention, delicious, tension, issue/ʒ/(类似日)s, ge, supleasure, garage, usually/h/h, whhat, who/r/r, rr, wrred, sorry, write/j/y, i, uyes, onion, use/w/w, whwater, what/m/m, mmme, summer/n/n, nn, kn, gnno, dinner, know, sign/ŋ/ng, n(k)sing, think后鼻音/l/l, lllight, full清晰/l/和模糊/l/两种/tʃ/(类似吃)ch, tchchair, catch/dʒ/(类似知)ge, dge, jage, bridge, just/tr/trtree, train/dr/drdrink, drive/ts/tscats, hits/dz/dsbeds, hands两个重要的发音小规律开音节与闭音节元音的“长短”开关开音节以元音字母结尾或者以“元音辅音e”结尾时这个元音字母通常发它的字母本身音长音。比如name(/eɪ/),bike(/aɪ/)code(/əʊ/),refuse(/ju/)these/iː/。闭音节以“元音辅音”结尾时这个元音字母通常发对应的短音。比如cat(/æ/),big(/ɪ/),leg(/e/),cut/ʌ/,top/ɒ/ 。清辅音浊化/s/ 后的“变声”现象当清辅音/p/,/t/,/k/跟在/s/后面并且这个音节是重读音节时它们会分别读成对应的浊辅音/b/,/d/,/g/。最经典的例子就是sport(读作/sbɔːt/),student(读作/sdjuːdnt/),sky(读作/sgaɪ/)。

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